导或者其他教学项目中充满了目标结构。另外，作者提醒，输入流技术并不
必局限于只能对一种目标形式进行输入强化。此外，由于输入流的内隐性，
教师可以明确地告诉学习者去注意目标形式，增加他们注意目标形式的可能
性。还有，教师不应只依赖输入流技术来吸引学生的注意力，而应将这种技
术和课堂的基本输入内容相结合，使课堂在充满目标形式输入的过程中，不
忽略语言的基本交际功能。
 Input Flood
                      WHAT IS INPUT FLOOD?
What does the word flood mean to you? Here are some sentences that contain
the word flood.
    The heavy rain resulted in a catastrophic flood in the area.
    We were flooded with phone calls all day long.
    When I returned from vacation, my e-mail account was flooded with junk
       mail.
     There is a virtual flood of techniques dealing with grammar instruction.
As these examples illustrate, we use the word flood to mean "lots of" something.
In language teaching, if we want our learners to notice a particular feature of
the target language, we could flood the input with that particular linguistic fea-
ture. This technique is known as input flood.
     In input flood, the input learners receive is saturated with the form that we
hope learners will notice and possibly acquire. We don't usually highlight the
form in any way to draw attention to it nor do we tell learners to pay attention
to the form. We merely saturate the input with the form. The basic idea here is
that by flood.ing the input with many exemplars of the form, learners will have
an increased chance to notice it. Recall that in order for input to be usable for
language acquisition, learners must attend to it or notice it in some way. Gass
(1997) points out that the frequency of a particular target structure can have an
impact on noticing. She explains that a target structure that appears frequently
in input is more likely to be noticed by learners (p. 17).
How Is Input Flood Carried Out?
Input flood can be carried out with both written and oral input. In the written
mode, input is modified so that many exemplars of the target form can be
embedded in the .instructional materials. A story or an article, for example,

输入的强化-从理论和研究到教学实践 作者简介

p>【作者介绍】
    本书作者Wynne Wong博士是美国俄亥俄州立大学法语和意大
利语系的副教授

 2/2   首页 上一页 1 2

社会科学 语言文字

在线阅读