同类别的学校可根据各自的情况从中选择各自的教学起点。

    (五)为了体现人本主义的教育观并贯彻“个性化学习”、“自主式学习”、“合作学习”等先

号  进学习理念，“新世纪大学英语系列教材”在课堂教学活动和课后学习活动的设计和安排等方

  面为教师和学生都提供了较为广阔的空间，教师和学生都可以根据各自的情况和面对的教学条

  件选择恰当的教材起点、教学模式和学习模式，实现《大学英语课程教学要求》提出的教学模

  式的改变，即从“以教师为中心、单纯传授语言知识与技能的教学模式”向“以学生为中心、

  既传授一般的语言知识与技能，更注重培养语言运用能力和自主学习能力的教学模式”的转变。

    (六)在教学内容的安排上，本系列教材讲求科学性和系统性；在培养学生英语综合运用能

  力方面，本系列教材注重听说训练，强调听、说、读、写、译等诸方面技能协调而全面的发

  展；在练习设计上，本系列教材突出实用性、新颖性和可操作性。

    (七)为适应新形势下我国高校英语教育的需求，“新世纪大学英语系列教材”增加了诸如

  “经贸类”和“文化类”的选修课教程。这些用英文撰写的选修课教程旨在拓宽学生的相关专

  业知识，进一步提高学生的英语思维能力和听、说、读、写、译诸方面的语言应用技能。

    “新世纪大学英语系列教材”由《综合教程》、《阅读教程》、《视听说教程》、《写作教程》、

  《快速阅读》和选修课系列教程等部分组成。除《快速阅读》外，各教程均配有教师手册。《综

  合教程》和《视听说教程》还配有学习光盘和电子教案；《快速阅读》配有学习光盘。各教程

  虽自成体系，但理念相通、联系密切、相得益彰，为学生和教师提供了比较完整的、多元的、

  立体化的英语教学平台。



    新世纪呼唤新教材，新教材体现新理念。和外语界的众多前辈一样，我们在特定的历史条

件下做了一件我们认为有意义的工作。我们培育的这棵新苗需要更多园丁的抚育和护理。我们

期待着她的成长、壮大、开花、结果。

    秦秀白

lUh'Do We Drdam?

  Two difierent schOOls of thOUght ex—

ist as to why we dream：the physiological

schOOl，and the psych010gical sch001．

    B0th，however，agree that we dream

during the REM，or rapid eye movement，

phuse of sleep．During this phuse of sleep，

our closed eyes dart rapidly about，our

brain actiVity peaks，and our muscles suf

fer temporary paralysis．

  The physiological theory centers

upon how our body，specifically our brains，

f．unetion during the REM phuse of sleep．

Supporters 0f this theory beIieve that we

dream to exercise the synapses(突触)，or

pathways，between brain cells，and that

dreaming takes over where the active and

awnke brain Ieaves 0伍When awnke．our

brains constantly transmit and receive

messages，which course through our bil一

“OhS 0f brain cells to their appropriate

destinations，and keep our bodies in per—

petual motion．Dreams replace thi s

f让netion．

    Two fundamental physiological facts

go towards suppofting this theory of

dreams．The frst 1ies in the fact that the

first two or so years of one's life，the most

formative ones for leurni ng，are also the

ones in which the most REM sleep

occurs．It fbllows that du ring this time 0f

the greatest REM sleep，we experienee the

greatest humber of dreams．The second

physiological fact that lends eredence to

this theory is that our brain waves during

REM sleep，as recorded by machines men—

Silting the brain’s electrical activity，are al—

most identicalin nature to the brain waves

during the hours we spend awake．This is

not the case during the other Phuses of

sleep．

    Psychological theorists of dreams

focus upon our thOHghts and emotions，

and speculate that dreams deal with im—

mediate concerns in our lives．sach as un

finished business from the day，or con—

cerns we are incapable of handling during

the course 0f the day．Dreams can，in fact，

teach us things about ourselyes that we

are unaware o￡

    Connections between dreams and the

human psyche have been made by many

people over thousands of years．Sigmand

 Freud, one of the fathers of modern

psychology, believed dreams to be sym-

bolic of any number of things buried deep

within our minds and our memories.

                                  (349 words)

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