7.3.3 Presentation Graphics 103
7.3.4 Groupware 103
7.3.5 Desktop Accessories 104
7.3.6 Web Browsers 105
Technical Notes to the Text 105
Word Bank to the Text 106
Exercises 109
Chapter 8 An Introduction to
Database Systems 112
8.1 Purpose of Database Systems 112
8.2 View of Data 114
8.2.1 Levels of Data Abstraction 114
8.2.2 Instances and Schemas 115
8.2.3 Data Independence 116
8.3 Data Models 116
8.3.1 Object-Based Logical Models 117
8.3.2 Record-Based Logical Models 118
8.3.3 Physical Data Models 120
8.4 Database Languages 120
8.4.1 Data Definition Language(DDL) 120
8.4.2 Data Manipulation Language(DML) 121
8.4.3 The Structured Query Language (SQL) 121
8.5 Transaction Management 122
8.6 Database Administrator 123
Technical Notes to the Text 124
Word Bank to the Text 126
Exercises 128
Chapter 9 Software Engineering 132
9.1 What Is Software Engineering? 132
9.2 Key Issues of Software Engineering 132
9.3 Software Process 136
9.4 Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE) 141
Technical Notes to the Text 142
Word Bank to the Text 144
Exercises 147
Chapter 10 Object-Oriented Technology 150
10.1 A Brief Overview of Object Technology 150
10.2 What Is OO—— System Concepts for Object Modeling 150
10.3 The OO Development Process 156
10.4 Unified Modeling Language(UML) 160
Technical Notes to the Text 162
Word Bank to the Text 164
Exercises 167
Chapter 11 Introduction to Computer Networks 170
11.1 Data Communications 170
11.1.1 Signals 170
11.1.2 Encoding 171
11.1.3 Transmission Mode 172
11.2 Introduction to Computer Networks 172
11.3 Applications of Computer Networks 173
11.4 Categories of Networks 174
11.4.1 Configurations 174
11.4.2 Strategies 175
11.4.3 LANs, MANs, and WANs 177
11.4.4 Intranets and Extranets 178
11.5 OSI and TCP/IP Reference Model 179
11.5.1 OSI Reference Model 179
11.5.2 TCP/IP Reference Model 181
Technical Notes to the Text 182
Word Bank to the Text 183
Exercises 186
Chapter 12 LAN, MAN & WAN 190
12.1 Local Area Networks (LANs) 190
12.1.1 Ethernet (802.3) 190
12.1.2 Token Bus (802.4) 192
12.1.3 Token Ring (802.5) 192
12.1.4 Fiber Distributed Data
Interface (FDDI) 194
12.1.5 Comparison 195
12.2 Metropolitan Area Networks(IEEE 802.6) 196
12.3 Wide Area Networks 196
12.3.1 Introduction 196
12.3.2 Narrowband ISDN 197
12.3.3 X.25 Network 198
12.3.4 Frame Relay 198
12.3.5 Broadband ISDN and ATM 199
Technical Notes to the Text 199
Word Bank to the Text 200
Exercises 203
Chapter 13 Internet 206
13.1 Introduction 206
13.2 Technology of Internet 207
13.2.1 Internet Address 207
13.2.2 DNS ( Domain Name System) 208
13.2.3 HTTP and SMTP 210
13.3 Services Provided by the Internet 211
13.3.1 WWW (World Wide Web) 211
13.3.2 E-mail 211
13.3.3 FTP (File Transfer Protocol) 212
13.3.4 Telnet 213
13.4 Networking Devices 213
13.4.1 Hub and Repeater 213
13.4.2 Bridge and Switch 213
13.4.3 Router 214
13.5 Access to Internet 215
13.5.1 Dial-up 215
13.5.2 DSL 215
Technical Notes to the Text 216
Word Bank to the Text 216
Exercises 219
Chapter 14 Information Security 222
14.1 A Brief Overview of Information Security Concepts 222
14.2 Information Security Technology 225
14.2.1 Information Authentication Technology 225
14.2.2 Encryption Technology 226
14.2.3 Database Security 229
14.3 Computer Virus 230
14.3.1 Virus Behavior 230
14.3.2 Types of Viruses 230
14.3.3 Virus Prevention and Detection 231
14.4 Firewall 232
14.4.1 Concept of Firewall 232
14.4.2 Types of Firewall 233
14.4.3 Firewall Implementation 233
14.5 Standards of Information Security 235
14.6 E-Commerce Security 236
14.6.1 Significance of Corporate Information Security 236
14.6.2 Current Processes and Tools for Implementing E-Business Security 236
Technical Notes to the Text 237
Word Bank to the Text 238
Exercises 241
Chapter 15 Information System 245
15.1 Major Types of Information
System in Organization 245
15.2 Transaction Processing System (TPS) 246
15.3 Management Information System (MIS) 247
15.3.1 A Definition of MIS 247
15.3.2 A MIS Model 248
15.3.3 Organizational Information System 248
15.4 Decision Support System (DSS) 249
15.4.1 The Concept of DSS 249
15.4.2 DSS Objectives 251

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