沼气技术与工程 本书特色

《沼气技术与工程》共分为13章，系统阐述了沼气发酵的原理、基础理论与工艺，详述了沼气综合利用技术与生态农业模式，介绍了商品化户用沼气池。主要内容涉及沼气的基本概念、沼气发酵微生物与生物化学、沼气发酵工艺学、大中型沼气工程技术、沼气生活污水处理技术、沼气综合利用技术、沼气生态农业模式及商品化户用沼气池技术等。   本书主要针对农业工程、可再生能源、农村能源工程及环境工程专业类本科生、硕士生和博士生为读者对象，可作为相关国际培训的教材，可作为从事相关科研与教学人员的参考读物，还可作为相关院校的科技英语教材。  

沼气技术与工程 内容简介

1.作者从事沼气发酵工程近30年，对沼气发酵工程的研究理解很深入。 2.《technology and engineering of anaerobic digestion》（沼气技术与工程）可以作为农业工程、农业能源工程的科技英语。教材。 3.适合作为国际培训教材。 

沼气技术与工程 目录

　　chapter 1　introduction to biogas 1.1 biogas origin & nomenclature / 1 1.2 international biogas history / 2 1.3 biogas digester development in china / 7 1.3.1 first stage-luo guorui biodigester / 7 1.3.2 second stage-long-distance, big and deep digester / 7 1.3.3 third stage-round, small and shallow digester / 8 1.3.4 fourth stage-mini-size and high-efficiency digester / 8 1.3.5 fifth stage-commercialized fiberglass digester / 9 1.4 biogas characteristics / 9 1.4.1 biogas components / 9 1.4.2 biogas terminologies / 10 1.4.2.1 total solids (ts) / 10 1.4.2.2 volatile solids (vs) / 10 1.4.2.3 hydraulic retention time (hrt) / 11 1.4.2.4 gas production rate (gps) / 11 1.4.2.5 organic space loading rate (olr) / 12 1.4.2.6 gas production rate of materials (gprm) / 13 1.4.2.7 biochemical oxygen demand (bod) / 14 1.4.2.8 chemical oxygen demand (cod) / 14 1.4.2.9 the relationship of the biogas parameters / 15 　　chapter 2　biochemistry and microbiology of biogas fermentation 2.1 three steps of biogas fermentation / 17 2.2 microbes in three-step of biogas fermentation / 19 2.2.1 biogas microbes in nature / 19 2.2.2 groups and actions of non-methane-producing microbes / 20 2.2.2.1 variety of non-methane-producing microbes / 21 2.2.2.2 amount of non-methane-producing microbes / 23 2.3 estimation and calculation of the amount of methane produced fromorganic compounds / 24 2.4 anaerobic digestive process of complex organic compounds / 26 2.4.1 the degradation of carbohydrates / 26 2.4.1.1 anaerobic degradation of glucose / 26 2.4.1.2 anaerobic degradation of cellulose / 27 2.4.1.3 the metabolism of semi-cellulose, pectin-gel, starch, and celluloseunder anaerobic conditions / 29 2.4.2 metabolism of lipids / 29 2.4.3 metabolism of protein / 30 2.5 fermentative bacteria / 31 2.5.1 cellulose-splitting bacteria / 31 2.5.2 semi-cellulose-splitting bacteria / 32 2.5.3 starch-splitting bacteria / 32 2.5.4 protein-splitting bacteria / 32 2.5.5 fat-splitting bacteria / 33 2.6 the obligate h2-producing acetogenic bacteria / 33 2.7 hydrogen-producing acetogenic bacteria in aqua of biogas fermentation /36 2.7.1 hydrogen-producing acetogenic bacteria in biogas fer- mentation liquid /36 2.7.2 other specific bacteria / 36 2.8 methane-producing bacteria and their classification / 37 2.8.1 classification and identification of methane-producing bacteria / 37 2.8.1.1 characteristics of methane-producing bacteria / 37 2.8.1.2 the third fashion of life / 38 2.8.1.3 morphology and classification of methane-producing bacteria / 39 2.8.2 metabolic substrates of methane-producing bacteria / 44 2.8.3 theory of methane formation / 45 2.8.3.1 theory of carbon dioxide reduction / 45 2.8.3.2 theory of methyl group directly convert to methane / 45 2.8.3.3 barker's hypothesis / 45 2.8.4 methane formation metabolized by acetate and formate / 46 2.8.5 methane original / 47 2.9 relationship between different biogas microbes / 47 　　chapter 3　technology of biogas fermentation 3.1 strict anaerobic environment / 50 3.2 temperature / 51 3.3 ph value / 53 3.4 feedstock for biogas fermentation / 54 3.4.1 properties and classification of feedstock / 54 3.4.1.1 nitrogen-rich raw material / 54 3.4.1.2 carbon-rich raw material / 54 3.4.2 properties of common feedstock in gas production / 55 3.4.2.1 rate of gas production of feedstock / 56 3.4.2.2 speed of gas production / 56 3.4.3 proportion of feedstock / 57 3.4.3.1 ratio of carbon and nitrogen (c/n) / 57 3.4.3.2 manure: straw ratio / 58 3.5 concentration / 59 3.6 seeding materials / 62 3.6.1 function of seeding materials / 62 3.6.2 enrichment and culture of seeding materials / 63 3.6.3 source of seeding materials / 63 3.6.4 amount of seeding material / 64 3.7 management / 64 3.7.1 supplement of fresh raw materials / 64 3.7.2 frequent stirring / 64 3.7.3 keep fermentative temperature / 65 3.7.4 frequent check of biogas devices / 65 3.7.5 discharging digesters / 65 3.7.6 fermentation inhibitors / 65 3.7.7 safety & biogas appliances / 66 3.8 inspection and maintenance of the biogas digester / 69 3.8.1 leak test of the biogas digester / 69 3.8.1.1 test methods / 69 3.8.1.2 air leakage standard / 70 3.8.2 biogas digester maintenance / 70 3.9 technique types of biogas fermentation / 71 3.9.1 according to feeding pathway / 71 3.9.1.1 batch fermentation / 71 3.9.1.2 semi-continuous fermentation / 71 3.9.1.3 continuous fermentation / 71 3.9.2 according to digesting device-type / 72 3.9.3 according to fermentative mold of action / 72 3.9.4 according to state of feedstock / 73 3.9.5 according to fermentation temperature / 73 3.9.6 according to different stage fermentation / 73 3.10 different types of fermentative digesters / 74 3.10.1 conventional digester / 74 3.10.2 high rate digester / 75 3.10.3 anaerobic contact digester / 75 3.10.4 anaerobic filter (af) / 75 3.10.5 up-flow anaerobic sludge bed (uasb) / 76 3.10.6 anaerobic bed / 77 3.10.7 two-phase anaerobic digester / 77 3.10.8 dry fermentation / 78 3.10.9 plug-flow anaerobic digester / 79 3.10.10 pipeline-type anaerobic digester / 79 　　chapter 4　large-medium scale biogas project 4.1 partition of large-medium scale biogas project / 80 4.1.1 partition by volume size / 81 4.1.2 classifications by different types of organic wastes / 82 4.1.2.1 livestock farm biogas project / 82 4.1.2.2 biogas project of industrial waste / 82 4.1.2.3 biogas project of municipal sewage purification / 83 4.1.3 materials characteristics / 84 4.1.4 characteristics of biogas project / 84 4.1.4.1 anaerobic digestion technology advantages / 84 4.1.4.2 anaerobic and aerobic bio-technology comparison / 85 4.2 process and type of biogas project / 86 4.2.1 anaerobic contact process / 86 4.2.2 anaerobic filter (af) / 87 4.2.2.1 the choice of filter / 88 4.2.2.2 filter height of anaerobic filter / 88 4.2.2.3 the actual effect of anaerobic filter / 88 4.2.3 upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (uasb) / 89 4.2.3.1 operational principle of uasb reactor / 91 4.2.3.2 uasb reactor startup / 91 4.2.3.3 application of uasb reactor / 92 4.2.3.4 attentions of uasb application / 96 4.2.4 anaerobic fluidized bed (afb) and the anaerobic attached film expandedbed (aafeb) / 97 4.2.5 expanded granular sludge bed (egsb) / 98 4.2.6 internal circulation anaerobic reactors (ic reactor) / 99 4.2.7 upflow anaerobic sludge bed-filter technology (ubf) / 101 4.2.8 upflow anaerobic solid reactor (usr) / 101 4.2.9 anaerobic rotating biological contactor (arbc) / 102 4.2.10 anaerobic baffled reactor (abr) / 102 4.3 the design and management of biogas engineering / 104 4.3.1 the design of biogas engineering / 104 4.3.1.1 general requirements / 104 4.3.1.2 the volume determination of anaerobic digestion plant / 104 4.3.1.3 ancillary equipment of large-medium scale biogas engineering / 105 4.3.2 the startup of biogas engineering / 105 4.3.2.1 preparations / 105 4.3.2.2 sludge inoculation / 105 4.3.3 operation and management of biogas engineering / 106 4.3.3.1 operation and management of biogas engineering / 106 4.3.3.2 maintenance of large biogas engineering / 106 　　chapter 5　engineering of domestic sewage treatment in towns and non-hazardoustreatment  engineering of public toilet excrement 5.1 principle of treatment and volume calculation / 108 5.1.1 principle of treatment / 108 5.1.2 volume calculation / 108 5.2 the technique processes and fundamental principles / 109 5.2.1 technique processes / 109 5.2.2 fundamental principles / 111 5.3 treatment effects / 112 5.3.1 effect analysis of domestic waste water treatment / 112 5.3.2 effect analysis of pharmaceutical waste water waste water treatment /113 5.3.3 effect analysis of night soil sewage treatment in towns / 115 　　chapter 6　introduction and background to compre- hensive utilization of biogassystem 6.1 introduction / 118 6.2 the biogas dissemination and development prospect in china / 120 6.3 overview of the use of bio-slurry in china / 121 6.4 utilization of different fertilizers in china / 122 6.5 objective and methodology / 123 6.5.1 objective for use of bio-slurry / 123 6.5.2 methods / 125 　　chapter 7　utilization of biogas 7.1 heat utilization technology of biogas / 126 7.1.1 biogas heating for chicken hatching / 126 7.1.2 gas lamp heat hatch / 127 7.1.3 biogas used for sericulture / 128 7.1.4 biogas lamp used for increasing laying rate / 129 7.1.5 biogas lamp trap insect to feed fish / 129 7.1.6 biogas lamp used for storing sweet potato / 130 7.1.7 biogas drying food crop and raising rice seedlings / 130 7.2 biogas non-thermal technology / 134 7.2.1 biogas storage grain / 134 7.2.2 biogas fresh fruits and vegetables / 135 7.3 biogas and greenhouse cultivation techniques / 135 　　chapter 8　utilization of bio-slurry in china 8.1 different ways of using bio-slurry / 137 8.2 issues existing in application of bio-slurry / 137 8.3 limitations of bio-slurry / 139 8.4 utilization mechanism and prospects of bio-slurry / 139 8.5 conclusions and suggestions / 140 　　chapter 9　characteristics of bio-slurry 9.1 physical and chemical features / 143 9.2 active elements of bio-slurry / 145 9.2.1 various kinds of hydrolase / 146 9.2.2 b vitamins / 146 9.2.3 amino acids / 147 9.2.4 phytohormone / 149 9.2.5 antibiotis / 149 9.2.6 humic acid / 149 9.2.7 microelements / 150 9.3 comparison of bio-slurry with other fertilizers / 151 9.3.1 comparison of bio-slurry with compost fertilizer / 151 9.3.2 effect of increasing crop yield of bio-slurry and compost / 152 　　chapter 10　various kinds of utilizations of bio-slurry 10.1 effect on improving soil with bio-slurry / 154 10.1.1 improvement of physical and chemical nature of soil / 154 10.1.2 active role of bio-slurry to soil nutrients / 154 10.1.3 formation of soil granular structure / 155 10.2 effect of bio-slurry as additive in feeding pigs / 156 10.2.1 increasing rate of growth / 156 10.2.2 enhancing conversion rate of feeding / 156 10.2.3 reducing diseases for facilitating growth of pigs / 157 10.2.4 results of slaughtering and analysis of meat quality / 158 10.2.5 economic benefits / 159 10.3 effect of bio-slurry on feeding fish / 159 10.3.1 increasing fish yield / 159 10.3.2 improving quality of fish meat / 160 10.3.3 reducing occurrence of fish diseases / 161 10.3.4 economic benefits analysis / 161 10.3.5 improvement to water quality by bio-slurry / 161 10.3.6 using bio-slurry for raising fish in rice fields / 162 10.4 effect of bio-slurry on soaking seeds / 163 10.4.1 the effect of bio-slurry on soaking seeds to germination rate / 163 10.4.2 effect of bio-slurry on soaking seeds to seedling rate / 163 10.4.3 effect of bio-slurry on soaking seeds to seedling character / 164 10.4.4 effect of bio-slurry on soaking seeds to disease resistance, cold resistanceand anti-adversity / 165 10.4.5 effect of bio-slurry on enhancing crop yield / 165 10.5 effect of bio-slurry on prevention and control of crop diseases andinsect pest / 166 10.5.1 problem of crop diseases and insect pest / 166 10.5.2 study on bio-slurry for prevention and cure of plant diseases and insectpest / 167 10.5.3 varieties of crop diseases and insect pest with bio-slurry used forprevention and control / 169 10.5.4 effects of bio-slurry used for prevention and control of crop diseasesand insect pest / 171 10.6 application of bio-slurry (bio-sludge) for mushroom culture / 174 10.6.1 enhancing quality of mushroom obviously / 174 10.6.2 effect of bio-slurry (bio-sludge) used for mushroom culture / 174 10.7 bio-slurry used as nutrient liquid of soilless culture / 175 10.7.1 nutrient solution of soilless culture by chemical composition / 175 10.7.2 nutrient components of bio-slurry / 176 10.7.3 effect of bio-slurry on planting vegetables / 176 10.8 study on application of bio-slurry in non-polluted fruits and vegetables/ 177 10.9 study on bio-slurry used for developing organic liquid fertilizer offlowers / 178 10.9.1 nutrient equilibrium and adjustment of bio-slurry / 178 10.9.2 production process and pathway for high efficiency organic liquidfertilizers for flowers / 179 10.9.3 nutrients of high efficiency organic liquid fertilizer for flowers / 181 10.9.4 properties and operation manual of high efficiency organic liquidfertilizer for flowers / 181 10.10 other utilizations of bio-slurry / 182 　　chapter 11　effect evaluation on the utilization of bio-slurry 11.1 methods (technique, cost) to store bio-slurry / 183 11.2 methods (technique, cost) to process bio-slurry / 183 11.3 achievements of the use of bio-slurry in china / 184 11.4 analysis of economic benefits on utilization of bio-slurry / 185 11.4.1 cost/benefit on bio-slurry used for rice planting / 185 11.4.2 cost/benefit on bio-slurry used for planting peanuts / 185 11.4.3 cost/benefit analysis of bio-slurry used as fertilizer for rape / 186 11.4.4 cost/benefit analysis of bio-slurry used as fertilizer for tea / 186 11.4.5 cost/benefit analysis of bio-slurry used as fertilizer for bananaplantation / 187 11.4.6 cost/benefit analysis of bio-slurry used as fertilizer for sugarcaneplantation / 188 　　chapter 12　commercialized household biogas digester made of glass fiberreinforced plastic 12.1 introduction of fiberglass / 190 12.2 design of fiberglass digester / 195 12.2.1 core parameters of 4~8m3 digester / 195 12.2.2 technical specifications / 195 12.2.3 producing technology of biogas digester made of glass fiber reinforcedplastic / 197 　　chapter 13　the practices of fiberglass bio-digester 13.1 application ways / 199 13.2 preparation before the installation / 200 13.2.1 selection of the construction site / 200 13.2.2 plan of the digester / 200 13.2.3 pretreatment tank / 200 13.2.4 digester pit / 202 13.2.5 overflow tank / 202 13.2.6 preparation of inoculation (i.e. seeding materials) / 202 13.2.7 preparation of raw materials / 203 13.3 operation steps on installation of fiberglass biogas digesters / 203 13.4 loading and start-up for biogas digesters / 203 13.5 maintenance for commercialized household fiber glass biogas digesters /204

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